Which of the following are signs and symptoms of opioid abstinence (withdrawal)?

The correct choice identifies signs and symptoms commonly associated with opioid withdrawal. The presence of anxiety reflects the emotional distress that individuals often experience during withdrawal, as opioids can induce a feeling of well-being that, when removed, leads to heightened anxiety.

Nausea is a physical symptom frequently reported during withdrawal, stemming from the body’s adaptation to the absence of substances it has become dependent on. Lacrimation, or excessive tearing, is also a typical physical response as the body reacts to the lack of opioids, highlighting the physiological impact of sudden cessation of these drugs.

In contrast, the other options contain symptoms that are not usually associated with opioid withdrawal. For instance, weight gain and drowsiness are more aligned with opioid use rather than withdrawal. Likewise, euphoria is a characteristic of opioid usage rather than abstinence, as withdrawal typically leads to feelings of discomfort and distress rather than pleasure. Thus, the correct answer encapsulates the common withdrawal symptoms associated with stopping opioid use, providing insight into the physiological and psychological challenges faced by individuals during this process.